Passive devices constitute a significant proportion of large-scale integrated chips. They can be classified by function into I/O couplers, couplers and power splitters, filters, and multiplexers/demultiplexers. They are the fundamental pipes of a PIC, responsible for manipulating the flow of light through. Silicon-based micro and nanophotonic devices Eric CASSAN ; fr 2 Motivations and rationales Photonic and opto-electronic building blocks: Passive silicon photonic integrated circuits Waveguides, 90°-turns, beam splitters, photonic circuits Active. Yikai Su, Ph., is a Professor in the Department of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. He worked at Nokia Bell Labs-Crawford Hill, Holmdel, New Jersey, USA. Herein, three silicon-family materials are discussed: silicon, silicon nitride, and silica. In addition, hybrid integration with a 2D material, graphene, is examined. The FDTD3D solver in Macondo meets the accuracy requirements for key characteristic indicators in device simulation and design, providing tool support for the silicon. The development of integrated silicon photonic circuits has recently been driven by the Internet and the push for high bandwidth as well as the need to reduce power dissipation induced by high data-rate signal transmission.